Autophagy ke ts'ebetso ea tlhaho ka har'a lisele tsa rona e sebetsang e le molebeli ho sireletsa bophelo ba rona ka ho senya likarolo tsa cellular tsa khale, tse senyehileng le ho li sebelisa hape ho ba matla. Mokhoa ona oa ho itlhoekisa o phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka bophelo bo botle, ho thibela maloetse le ho lelefatsa bophelo. Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le litsela tse 'maloa tseo re ka ntlafatsang le ho susumetsa autophagy hore lisele tsa rona li sebetse hantle.
Lentsoe "autophagy", le nkiloeng mantsoeng a Segerike "auto" le bolelang "boithati" le "phagy" le bolelang ho ja, le bolela ts'ebetso ea motheo ea lisele e lumellang lisele ho senya le ho tsosolosa likarolo tsa tsona. E ka nkoa e le mokhoa oa ho itlhoekisa o phethang karolo ea bohlokoa ho boloka bophelo bo botle ba lisele le homeostasis.
'Meleng ea rona, lisele tse limilione li lula li le tlas'a autophagy ho tlosa liprotheine tse senyehileng kapa tse sa phutholohang, li-organelle tse sa sebetseng le litšila tse ling tsa cellular. Ts'ebetso ena e thusa ho thibela ho bokellana ha lintho tse chefo le ho etsa hore li-macromolecules li sebelisoe hape, ho netefatsa hore lisele li sebetsa hantle.
mokgoa wa ketso
Autophagye sebetsa ka letoto la mehato e rarahaneng haholo le e laoloang ka thata. Ts'ebetso ena e qala ka ho thehoa ha likaroloana tse peli tse bitsoang autophagosomes, tse koahelang likaroloana tse ka hare ho lisele. Joale autophagosome e kopana le lysosome, organelle e khethehileng e nang le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-enzyme, e lebisang ho senyeha ha litaba tsa eona.
Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea autophagy: macroautophagy, microautophagy, le chaperone-mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy e kenyelletsa ho senyeha ho hoholo ha likarolo tsa cellular, athe microautophagy e kenyelletsa ho kenella ka kotloloho ha lisebelisoa tsa cytoplasmic ke li-lysosomes. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, autophagy ea chaperone-mediated autophagy e khetha liprotheine bakeng sa ho senyeha.
Conditioning le Signaling
Autophagy e laoloa ka thata ke litsela tse ngata tsa lipontšo ho arabela likhatello tse fapa-fapaneng tsa lisele tsa cellular, tse kang ho hloka limatlafatsi, khatello ea oxidative, tšoaetso le protheine aggregation. E 'ngoe ea li-control tse ka sehloohong tsa autophagy ke sepheo sa mammalian sa rapamycin (mTOR), protheine kinase e thibelang autophagy ha limatlafatsi li le ngata. Leha ho le joalo, tlas'a maemo a ho fokotsa limatlafatsi, pontšo ea mTOR e thibetsoe, e lebisang ho ts'ebetsong ea autophagy.
1. Ho itima lijo nako le nako:
Ka ho fokotsa fensetere ea ho fepa, ho itima lijo ha nakoana ho beha 'mele boemong ba ho itima lijo ka nako e telele, ho susumetsa lisele ho sebelisa matla a bolokiloeng le ho qala autophagy.
2. Boikoetliso:
Boikoetliso ba kamehla ha bo boloke 'mele ea rona e phetse hantle feela, empa hape e sebetsa e le sesosa se matla sa autophagy. Ho kenya letsoho boikoetlisong ba aerobic le ho hanyetsa ho etsa hore ho be le autophagy, ho khothalletsa ho hloekisa le ho tsosolosoa ha lisele tsa cellular.
3. Thibelo ea khalori:
Ntle le ho itima lijo ka nakoana, lithibelo tsa caloric (CR) ke mokhoa o mong o netefalitsoeng oa ho ntlafatsa autophagy. Ka ho fokotsa khalori ea hau ka kakaretso, CR e qobella lisele tsa hau ho boloka matla le ho qala autophagy ho boloka mesebetsi ea bohlokoa.
4. Lijo tsa Ketogenic:
Mosebetsi oa Autophagic o matlafatsoa ka ho susumetsa ketosis ka ho thibela ka matla ho ja lik'habohaedreite le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea mafura.
5. Lijo tse ruileng ka phytochemicals:
Metsoako e meng ea limela, haholo-holo e fumanoang litholoana tse mebala-bala, meroho le linoko, e na le thepa e bakang autophagy.
6. Nka li-supplement tse khethehileng:
Autophagy e ka susumetsoa ka ho eketsa litlatsetso tsa "autophagy" lijong ho khothaletsa bophelo bo botle.
1. Tee e tala
E ruile ka metsoako ea li-antioxidant joalo ka li-catechin, tee e tala esale e tsejoa ka melemo ea eona ea bophelo bo botle. Ntle le bokhoni ba eona ba ho matlafatsa metabolism le ho ts'ehetsa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele, tee e tala e boetse e bontšitsoe ho kenya tšebetsong autophagy. Li-polyphenols tse fumanoang tee e tala li hlohlelletsa polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amehang ho autophagy, e thusang ho boloka botsitso ba lisele le ts'ebetso.
2. Turmeric
Curcumin, motsoako o sebetsang oa turmeric o nang le 'mala o mosehla o hlakileng, o na le thepa e matla e khahlanong le ho ruruha le ea antioxidant. Liphuputso tse ntseng li tsoela pele li bontšitse hore curcumin e ka boela ea baka autophagy ka ho kenya litsela tse itseng tsa molek'hule. Ho kenyelletsa turmeric lijong tsa hau, ebang ke ka ho pheha kapa e le tlatsetso, ho ka thusa ho sebelisa bokhoni ba autophagy ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle.
3. Berberine
Boithuto bo lekanyang berberine bo fumane hore komporo ena e kanna ea ba le bokhoni ba ho susumetsa autophagy. Berberine e fumanoa ka monokotšoai, turmeric ea sefate le litlama tse ling.
4. monokotsoai
Monokotšoai o kang blueberries, fragole le raspberries ha o monate feela, empa o tletse lintho tse matlafatsang bophelo bo botle. Litholoana tsena tse mahlahahlaha li na le li-polyphenols tse ngata, metsoako e tsejoang ka ho ntlafatsa autophagy. Ka ho ja mefuta e fapaneng ea monokotsoai o mocha kapa o hatselitsoeng, o ka netefatsa phepelo e tsitsitseng ea metsoako ena ea semela e ts'ehetsang ts'ebetso e matla le e sebetsang ea autophagy.
5. Meroho ea Cruciferous
Meroho ea Cruciferous, ho akarelletsa le broccoli, cauliflower, kale le limela tsa Brussels, li na le mefuta e mengata e tsotehang ea metsoako e khothalletsang bophelo bo botle, e kang sulforaphane le indole-3-carbinol. Lik'hemik'hale tsena li bontšitsoe ho kenya tšebetsong autophagy le ho thibela tšenyo ea lisele tse bakoang ke khatello ea oxidative. Ho kenyelletsa lijo tsa meroho e mengata ea cruciferous ha e fane feela ka limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa empa hape e khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha autophagy.
1. Curcumin
Curcumin, motsoako o sebetsang oa turmeric, e 'nile ea nkoa e le ea bohlokoa bakeng sa thepa ea eona e khahlanong le ho ruruha le ea antioxidant. Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li boetse li bontšitse hore curcumin e ka baka autophagy, e ntlafatsang bophelo bo botle ba lisele. Curcumin e kenya tšebetsong liphatsa tsa lefutso tse khethehileng le litsela tsa lipontšo tse amehang taolong ea autophagy. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho ntlafatsa autophagy bo ka thusa mafu a fapaneng a amanang le khatello ea oxidative le ho se sebetse ha lisele.
2. Berberine
Berberine ke motsoako oa tlhaho o fumanehang limela tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa barberry le goldenseal. Tlatsetso ena e matla ea botanical e ithutoe haholo bakeng sa litlamorao tsa eona tsa kalafo maemong a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa mathata a metabolism. Berberine e ile ea boela ea fumanoa e susumetsa autophagy ka ho fetola polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le autophagy. Ka ho tlatselletsa ka berberine, o ka khona ho ntlafatsa autophagy le ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba lisele, haholo ha ho tluoa tabeng ea bophelo bo botle ba metabolic.
3. Spermidine
Spermidine (spermidine) ke ntho e nyenyane ea limolek'hule ka tlhaho e teng liseleng. Liphuputso li fumane hore ho na le kamano e haufi pakeng tsa spermidine le autophagy. Spermidine e ka kenya tšebetsong tsela ea autophagy mme ea khothaletsa autophagy. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore spermidine e ka eketsa polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le autophagy le ho khothalletsa ho itšireletsa ka ho laola maemo a liprotheine tse amanang le autophagy. Ho phaella moo, spermidine e ka boela ea kenya tšebetsong autophagy ka ho thibela tsela ea pontšo ea mTOR.
Boitlhotlhollo: Sengoliloeng sena ke sa merero ea tlhahisoleseling feela mme ha sea lokela ho nkuoa e le keletso ea bongaka. Kamehla buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u sebelisa li-supplement kapa ho fetola mokhoa oa hau oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
Nako ea poso: Sep-01-2023
