Autophagy ke ts'ebetso ea tlhaho ka har'a lisele tsa rona e sebetsang e le molebeli ho sireletsa bophelo ba rona ka ho qhaqha likarolo tsa khale tsa sele tse senyehileng le ho li sebelisa hape hore e be matla. Mokhoa ona oa ho itlhoekisa o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho bolokeng bophelo bo botle bo botle, ho thibela mafu le ho lelefatsa bophelo. Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le litsela tse 'maloa tseo re ka ntlafatsang le ho susumetsa autophagy hore lisele tsa rona li sebetse hantle.
Poleloana autophagy, e nkiloeng mantsoeng a Segerike "auto" a bolelang "boithati" le "phagy" e bolelang ho ja, e bolela ts'ebetso ea mantlha ea sele e lumellang lisele ho senyeha le ho sebelisa likarolo tsa tsona hape. E ka nkoa e le mokhoa oa ho itlhoekisa o bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ho bolokeng bophelo bo botle ba lisele le homeostasis.
'Meleng ea rona, lisele tse limilione li lula li etsoa autophagy ho tlosa liprotheine tse senyehileng kapa tse menehileng hampe, li-organelle tse sa sebetseng hantle le lithōle tse ling tsa sele. Ts'ebetso ena e thusa ho thibela ho bokellana ha lintho tse chefo 'me e nolofalletsa ho sebelisoa hape ha li-macromolecule, ho netefatsa hore lisele li sebetsa hantle.
mokhoa oa ketso
Autophagye sebetsa ka letoto la mehato e rarahaneng haholo le e laolwang ka thata. Ts'ebetso ena e qala ka ho thehoa ha dibopeho tse nang le lera le le leng tse bitswang autophagosomes, tse metsang dikarolo tse shebilweng ka hare ho disele. Autophagosome ebe e kopana le lysosome, e leng organelle e ikgethang e nang le dienzyme tse fapaneng, e leng se lebisang ho senyeheng ha dikahare tsa yona.
Ho na le mefuta e meraro e meholo ea autophagy: macroautophagy, microautophagy, le autophagy e tsamaisoang ke chaperone. Macroautophagy e kenyelletsa ho senyeha ho hoholo ha likarolo tsa sele, ha microautophagy e kenyelletsa ho koaheloa ka ho toba ha thepa ea cytoplasm ke lysosomes. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, autophagy e tsamaisoang ke chaperone e shebane le liprotheine ka khetho bakeng sa ho senyeha.
Ho Hlophisa le ho Bontša Matšoao
Autophagy e laoloa ka thata ke litsela tse ngata tsa ho supa matšoao ho arabela lintho tse fapaneng tse bakang khatello ea lisele, tse kang ho haelloa ke limatlafatsi, khatello ea oxidative, tšoaetso le ho bokellana ha protheine. E 'ngoe ea litsamaiso tsa bohlokoa tsa autophagy ke sepheo sa liphoofolo tse anyesang sa rapamycin (mTOR), protheine kinase e thibelang autophagy ha limatlafatsi li le ngata. Leha ho le joalo, tlas'a maemo a khaello ea limatlafatsi, ho supa ha mTOR hoa thibeloa, e leng se lebisang ho kenngoeng ha autophagy.
1. Ho itima lijo nako le nako:
Ka ho fokotsa nako ea ho ja, ho itima lijo nako le nako ho beha 'mele boemong ba ho itima lijo nako e telele, e leng se susumetsang lisele ho sebelisa matla a bolokiloeng le ho qala autophagy.
2. Boikoetliso:
Boikoetliso ba 'mele ba kamehla ha bo boloke 'mele ea rona e phetse hantle feela, empa hape bo sebetsa e le sesosa se matla sa autophagy. Ho nka karolo boikoetlisong ba aerobic le ba ho hanyetsa ho baka autophagy, ho khothalletsa ho hloekisa le ho nchafatsa lisele.
3. Thibelo ea lik'hilojule:
Ntle le ho itima lijo nako le nako, thibelo ea lik'hilojule (CR) ke mokhoa o mong o pakiloeng oa ho ntlafatsa autophagy. Ka ho fokotsa tekanyo ea lik'hilojule tseo u li jang ka kakaretso, CR e qobella lisele tsa hau ho boloka matla le ho qala autophagy ho boloka mesebetsi ea bohlokoa.
4. Lijo tsa Ketogenic:
Tšebetso ea autophagic e ntlafatsoa ka ho baka ketosis ka ho fokotsa ho ja lik'habohaedreite ka matla le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea mafura.
5. Lijo tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse ngata tsa limela:
Metswako e itseng ya dimela, haholoholo e fumanwang ditholwaneng tse mebala-bala, merohong le dinokong, e na le thepa e bakang autophagy.
6. Nka li-supplement tse khethehileng:
Autophagy e ka bakoa ke ho eketsa li-supplement tsa autophagy lijong ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle.
1. Tee e tala
Tee e tala, e ruileng ka metsoako ea antioxidant joalo ka catechins, e se e tsebahala ka melemo ea eona ea bophelo bo botle. Ntle le bokhoni ba eona ba ho matlafatsa metabolism le ho tšehetsa ho theola boima ba 'mele, tee e tala e boetse e bontšitsoe e kenya tšebetsong autophagy. Li-polyphenol tse fumanoang teeng e tala li susumetsa tlhahiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amehang autophagy, e leng se thusang ho boloka botsitso le ts'ebetso ea sele.
2. Turmeric
Curcumin, motsoako o sebetsang ka har'a turmeric o nang le 'mala oa eona o mosehla o hlakileng, o na le thepa e matla ea ho thibela ho ruruha le ho thibela ho ruruha. Lithuto tse ntseng li hlaha li bontšitse hore curcumin e ka boela ea baka autophagy ka ho kenya tšebetsong litsela tse itseng tsa limolek'hule. Ho kenyelletsa turmeric lijong tsa hau, ebang ke ka ho pheha kapa e le tlatsetso, ho ka thusa ho sebelisa bokhoni ba autophagy ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle.
3. Berberine
Phuputso e hlahlobileng berberine e fumane hore motsoako ona o ka boela oa ba le bokhoni ba ho baka autophagy. Berberine e fumanoa ho monokotšoai, turmeric ea sefate le litlama tse ling.
4. Litholoana
Menokotšoai e kang li-blueberry, fragole le raspberry ha e monate feela, empa e tletse thepa e ntlafatsang bophelo bo botle. Litholoana tsena tse phelang li ruile ka li-polyphenol, metsoako e tsejoang ka ho ntlafatsa autophagy. Ka ho ja mefuta e fapaneng ea monokotšoai o foreshe kapa o hatselitsoeng, u ka netefatsa phepelo e tsitsitseng ea metsoako ena e molemo ea limela e tšehetsang ts'ebetso e matla le e sebetsang ea autophagy.
5. Meroho e entsoeng ka sefapano
Meroho ea Cruciferous, ho kenyeletsoa le broccoli, cauliflower, kale le Brussels sprouts, e na le mefuta e mengata e khahlang ea metsoako e khothalletsang bophelo bo botle, joalo ka sulforaphane le indole-3-carbinol. Metsoako ena e bontšitsoe e kenya tšebetsong autophagy le ho thibela tšenyo ea sele e bakoang ke khatello ea oxidative. Ho kenyelletsoa ha meroho e fapaneng ea cruciferous lijong ha ho fane feela ka limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa empa hape ho khothalletsa ho kenngoa ha autophagy.
1. Curcumin
Curcumin, motsoako o sebetsang ka har'a turmeric, e se e ntse e ananeloa ka nako e telele ka lebaka la thepa ea eona ea ho thibela ho ruruha le ho thibela ho ruruha. Lithuto tsa morao tjena li boetse li bontšitse hore curcumin e ka baka autophagy, e leng se ntlafatsang bophelo bo botle ba lisele. Curcumin e kenya tšebetsong liphatsa tsa lefutso tse itseng le litsela tsa lipontšo tse amehang taolong ea autophagy. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho ntlafatsa autophagy bo ka thusa mafu a fapaneng a amanang le khatello ea oxidative le ho se sebetse hantle ha sele.
2. Berberine
Berberine ke motsoako oa tlhaho o fumanoang limela tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa barberry le goldenseal. Tlatsetso ena e matla ea limela e ithutiloe ka botlalo bakeng sa litlamorao tsa eona tsa kalafo maemong a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa le mathata a metabolism. Berberine e boetse e fumanoe e baka autophagy ka ho fetola polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le autophagy. Ka ho eketsa ka berberine, u ka ntlafatsa autophagy le ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba lisele, haholo-holo ha ho tluoa tabeng ea bophelo bo botle ba metabolism.
3. Spermidine
Spermidine (spermidine) ke ntho e nyane ea tlhaho ea limolek'hule e fumanehang ka tlhaho liseleng. Lithuto li fumane hore ho na le kamano e haufi pakeng tsa spermidine le autophagy. Spermidine e ka kenya tšebetsong tsela ea autophagy le ho khothaletsa autophagy. Lithuto li bontšitse hore spermidine e ka eketsa tlhahiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le autophagy le ho khothaletsa autophagy ka ho laola maemo a liprotheine tse amanang le autophagy. Ho phaella moo, spermidine e ka boela ea kenya tšebetsong autophagy ka ho thibela tsela ea matšoao ea mTOR.
Tlhokomeliso: Sengoloa sena ke sa merero ea tlhahisoleseling feela 'me ha sea lokela ho nkoa e le keletso ea bongaka. Kamehla buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u sebelisa li-supplement kapa u fetola mokhoa oa hau oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
Nako ea poso: Loetse-01-2023
