Urolithin A ke ntho ea bohlokoa e sebetsang 'meleng e sebelisoang haholo merianeng le tlhokomelong ea bophelo bo botle. Ke enzyme e hlahisoang haholo ke liphio 'me e na le mosebetsi oa ho qhala maqeba a mali. Litlamorao tsa mohlolo le mesebetsi ea Urolithin A li bonahala haholo-holo likarolong tse latelang.
Urolithin A e thibela ho senyeha ha mesifa
1. Khothaletsa tlhahiso ea protheine ea mesifa le ho kenya tšebetsong tsela ea ho bontša ea mTOR
Sepheo sa liphoofolo tse anyesang sa tsela ea ho supa rapamycin (mTOR) ke tsela ea bohlokoa ea ho laola tlhahiso ea protheine ea mesifa. Urolithin A e ka kenya tšebetsong tsela ea ho supa mTOR le ho khothaletsa tlhahiso ea protheine liseleng tsa mesifa.
mTOR e ka utloa matšoao a kang limatlafatsi le lintlha tsa kholo liseleng. Ha e kentsoe tšebetsong, e tla qala letoto la limolek'hule tsa lipontšo tse theohelang tlase, joalo ka protheine ea ribosomal S6 kinase (S6K1) le protheine e tlamang ea eukaryotic initiation factor 4E 1 (4E-BP1). Urolithin A e kenya tšebetsong mTOR, e phosphorylating S6K1 le 4E-BP1, ka hona e khothalletsa ho qalisoa ha phetolelo ea mRNA le kopano ea ribosome, le ho potlakisa tlhahiso ea protheine.
Mohlala, litekong tsa lisele tsa mesifa tse lengoang ka har'a vitro, kamora ho eketsa urolithin A, ho ile ha bonoa hore maemo a phosphorylation a mTOR le limolek'hule tsa eona tse theohelang a eketsehile, 'me polelo ea matšoao a protheine ea mesifa (joalo ka ketane e boima ea myosin) e eketsehile.
E laola tlhahiso ea ntlha ea mongolo e ikhethileng ea mesifa
Urolithin A e ka laola tlhahiso ea lintlha tsa mongolo tse ikhethileng tsa mesifa tse bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea protheine ea mesifa le phapang ea lisele tsa mesifa. Mohlala, e ka eketsa tlhahiso ea myogenic differential factor (MyoD) le myogenin.
MyoD le Myogenin li ka khothalletsa ho kheloha ha lisele tsa mesifa ho ea liseleng tsa mesifa le ho kenya tšebetsong tlhahiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse ikhethileng tsa mesifa, ka hona li khothalletsa tlhahiso ea protheine ea mesifa. Mohlaleng oa ho fokola ha mesifa, kamora kalafo ea urolithin A, tlhahiso ea MyoD le Myogenin e ile ea eketseha, e leng se thusang ho boloka boima ba mesifa le ho thibela ho fokotseha ha mesifa.
2. Thibela ho senyeha ha protheine ea mesifa le ho thibela tsamaiso ea ubiquitin-proteasome (UPS)
UPS ke e 'ngoe ea litsela tse ka sehloohong tsa ho senyeha ha protheine ea mesifa. Nakong ea ho fokotseha ha mesifa, li-ligase tse ling tsa E3 ubiquitin, tse kang ho fokotseha ha mesifa F-box protein (MAFbx) le muscle RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1), lia kenngoa tšebetsong, tse ka tšoaeang liprotheine tsa mesifa ka ubiquitin ebe lia li senya ka har'a proteasome.
Urolithin A e ka thibela tlhahiso le ts'ebetso ea li-ligase tsena tsa E3 ubiquitin. Litekong tsa mohlala oa liphoofolo, urolithin A e ka fokotsa maemo a MAFbx le MuRF1, ea fokotsa letšoao la ubiquitination la liprotheine tsa mesifa, ka hona ea thibela ho senyeha ha protheine ea mesifa e tsamaisoang ke UPS le ho thibela ho fokotseha ha mesifa ka katleho.
Ho feto-fetoha ha sistimi ea autophagy-lysosomal (ALS)
ALS e bapala karolo ho tsosoloseng liprotheine tsa mesifa le li-organelle, empa ho sebetsa ho feteletseng ho ka boela ha lebisa ho fokotseheng ha mesifa. Urolithin A e ka laola ALS ho isa boemong bo loketseng. E ka thibela autophagy e feteletseng le ho thibela ho senyeha ho feteletseng ha liprotheine tsa mesifa.
Mohlala, urolithin A e ka laola tlhahiso ea liprotheine tse amanang le autophagy (joalo ka LC3-II), e le hore e ka boloka homeostasis ea tikoloho ea lisele tsa mesifa ha e ntse e qoba ho tlosoa ho feteletseng ha liprotheine tsa mesifa, ka hona e thusa ho boloka boima ba mesifa.
3. Ntlafatsa metabolism ea matla ea lisele tsa mesifa
Ho honyela ha mesifa ho hloka matla a mangata, 'me mitochondria ke sebaka se seholo sa tlhahiso ea matla. Urolithin A e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mitochondria ea sele ea mesifa le ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso ea matla. E ka khothaletsa biogenesis ea mitochondrial le ho eketsa palo ea mitochondria.
Mohlala, urolithin A e ka kenya tshebetsong peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), e leng molaodi wa bohlokwa wa biogenesis ya mitochondrial, e kgothaletsang ho phetaphetoa ha DNA ya mitochondrial le tlhahiso ya protheine e amanang le yona. Ka nako e ts'oanang, urolithin A e ka boela ya ntlafatsa tshebetso ya ketane ya ho hema ya mitochondrial, ya eketsa tlhahiso ya adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ya fana ka matla a lekaneng bakeng sa ho honyela ha mesifa, le ho fokotsa ho fokotseha ha mesifa ho bakwang ke matla a sa lekaneng.
E laola metabolism ea tsoekere le mafura 'me e tšehetsa ts'ebetso ea mesifa
Urolithin A e ka laola metabolism ea tsoekere le mafura liseleng tsa mesifa. Ha e le ka metabolism ea tsoekere, e ka ntlafatsa ho monngoa le ho sebelisoa ha tsoekere ke lisele tsa mesifa, le ho netefatsa hore lisele tsa mesifa li na le matla a lekaneng ka ho kenya tšebetsong tsela ea ho supa insulin kapa litsela tse ling tse amanang le ho supa glucose.
Mabapi le metabolism ea lipid, urolithin A e ka khothaletsa oxidation ea mafura a acid, e leng se fanang ka mohloli o mong oa matla bakeng sa ho honyela ha mesifa. Ka ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea glucose le lipid, urolithin A e boloka phepelo ea matla ea lisele tsa mesifa 'me e thusa ho thibela ho fokotseha ha mesifa.
Urolithin A e ntlafatsa metabolism
1. Laola metabolism ea tsoekere le ho ntlafatsa kutloisiso ea insulin
Urolithin A e ka eketsa kutloisiso ea insulin, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka botsitso ba tsoekere maling. E ka sebetsa limolek'huleng tsa bohlokoa tse tseleng ea ho supa insulin, joalo ka liprotheine tsa insulin receptor substrate (IRS).
Boemong ba ho hanyetsa insulin, phosphorylation ea tyrosine ea protheine ea IRS ea thibeloa, e leng se fellang ka ho hloleha ha tsela ea matšoao ea phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) e ka tlase ho ts'ebetsoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, 'me karabelo ea sele ho insulin ea fokola.
Urolithin A e ka kgothaletsa phosphorylation ya tyrosine ya protheine ya IRS, ka hona e kenya tshebetsong tsela ya ho bontsha ya PI3K-protein kinase B (Akt), e nolofalletsang disele ho monya le ho sebedisa glucose hamolemo. Mohlala, ditekong tsa mohlala wa diphoofolo, kamora ho fuwa urolithin A, kutlwisiso ya mesifa le dinama tse mafura ho insulin e ile ya ntlafala haholo, mme maemo a tswekere mading a ile a laolwa ka katleho.
E laola tlhahiso le ho senyeha ha glycogen
Glycogen ke mofuta o ka sehloohong oa polokelo ea tsoekere 'meleng, haholo-holo e bolokiloeng sebeteng le liseleng tsa mesifa. Urolithin A e ka laola tlhahiso le ho bola ha glycogen. E ka kenya tšebetsong glycogen synthase, ea khothalletsa tlhahiso ea glycogen, le ho eketsa pokello ea glycogen.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, urolithin A e ka boela ea thibela ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tsa glycogenolytic, tse kang glycogen phosphorylase, 'me ea fokotsa bongata ba glycogen e bolileng hore e be tsoekere ebe e lokolloa maling. Sena se thusa ho tsitsisa maemo a tsoekere maling le ho thibela ho feto-fetoha ho feteletseng ha tsoekere maling. Thutong ea mohlala ea lefu la tsoekere, kamora kalafo ea urolithin A, bongata ba glycogen sebeteng le mesifa bo ile ba eketseha, 'me taolo ea tsoekere maling e ile ea ntlafala.
2. Ntlafatsa metabolism ea lipid le ho thibela tlhahiso ea mafura a acid
Urolithin A e na le phello e thibelang ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya lipid. Ka har'a lisele tsa sebete le mafura, e ka thibela li-enzyme tsa bohlokoa tlhahisong ea mafura a mafura, joalo ka fatty acid synthase (FAS) le acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC).
FAS le ACC ke li-enzyme tsa bohlokoa tse laolang tlhahiso ea li-fatty acid tse ncha. Urolithin A e ka fokotsa tlhahiso ea li-fatty acid ka ho thibela ts'ebetso ea tsona. Mohlala, mohlaleng oa sebete se mafura o bakoang ke lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata, urolithin A e ka fokotsa ts'ebetso ea FAS le ACC sebeteng, ea fokotsa tlhahiso ea li-triglycerides, 'me kahoo ea fokotsa ho bokellana ha mafura sebeteng.
E khothalletsa ho oxidation ea mafura a mafura
Ntle le ho thibela tlhahiso ea mafura a mafura, urolithin A e ka boela ea khothalletsa ho bola ha mafura a mafura. E ka kenya tšebetsong litsela tsa lipontšo le li-enzyme tse amanang le ho oxidation ea mafura a mafura. Mohlala, e ka eketsa ts'ebetso ea carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1).
CPT-1 ke enzyme ea bohlokoa ho β-oxidation ea mafura a acid, e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa mafura a acid ho ea mitochondria bakeng sa ho bola ha oxidative. Urolithin A e khothalletsa β-oxidation ea mafura a acid ka ho kenya tšebetsong CPT-1, e eketsa tšebeliso ea matla a mafura, e thusa ho fokotsa polokelo ea mafura 'meleng, le ho ntlafatsa metabolism ea mafura.
3. Ntlafatsa metabolism ea matla le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mitochondrial
Mitochondria ke "lifektheri tsa matla" tsa lisele, 'me urolithin A e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mitochondria. E ka laola biogenesis ea mitochondrial le ho khothaletsa tlhahiso le ntjhafatso ea mitochondrial. Mohlala, e ka kenya tšebetsong peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α).
PGC-1α ke molaodi wa bohlokwa wa biogenesis ya mitochondrial, e ka kgothaletsang ho ikatisa ha DNA ya mitochondrial le ho kopanngwa ha diprotheine tse amanang le mitochondrial. Urolithin A e eketsa palo le boleng ba mitochondria mme e ntlafatsa bokgoni ba tlhahiso ya matla a disele ka ho kenya PGC-1α tshebetsong. Ka nako e ts'oanang, urolithin A e ka boela ya ntlafatsa tshebetso ya ketane ya ho hema ya mitochondria le ho eketsa ho kopanngwa ha adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
4. Ho Laola Lenaneo la Phetoho la Metabolism ea Lisele
Urolithin A e ka tataisa lisele ho etsa lenaneo la metabolism, e leng se etsang hore metabolism ea sele e sebetse hantle haholoanyane. Tlas'a khatello e itseng kapa maemo a lefu, mokhoa oa metabolism oa sele o ka fetoha, e leng se fellang ka phokotso ea bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea matla le tlhahiso ea lintho.
Urolithin A e ka laola litsela tsa ho supa metabolism liseleng, joalo ka tsela ea ho supa ea AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK ke "sensor" ea metabolism ea matla a sele. Kamora hore urolithin A e sebetse AMPK, e ka susumetsa lisele ho tloha ho anabolism ho ea ho catabolism, e sebelisa matla le limatlafatsi ka katleho, ka hona e ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea metabolism ka kakaretso.
Tšebeliso ea urolithin A ha e felle feela lefapheng la bongaka. E boetse e ntse e hapa tlhokomelo butle-butle lihlahisoa tsa bophelo bo botle le litlolo. Urolithin A e eketsoa lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa bophelo bo botle ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele, ho ntlafatsa phallo ea mali le ho khothaletsa metabolism. Lihlahisoa tsena hangata li ka sebopeho sa li-capsule, matlapa kapa metsi, a loketseng litlhoko tsa lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa batho.
Lefapheng la litlolo, urolithin A e sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea letlalo ka lebaka la ho tsosolosoa ha lisele le thepa ea eona ea ho thibela botsofali. E ka ntlafatsa phallo ea mali letlalong le ho khothaletsa tlhahiso ea collagen, ka hona e ntlafatsa ho tenyetseha ha letlalo le khanya. Mefuta e mengata ea tlhokomelo ea letlalo e phahameng e qalile ho sebelisa urolithin A e le motsoako oa mantlha ho qala lihlahisoa tsa ho thibela botsofali, ho lokisa le ho nolofatsa letlalo ho fihlela bareki ba le phehella.
Qetellong, e le ntho e sebetsang 'meleng e nang le mesebetsi e mengata, urolithin A e bontšitse menyetla e pharaletseng ea ts'ebeliso masimong a bongaka, tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle le botle. Ka ho teba ha lipatlisiso tsa saense, tšimo ea ts'ebeliso ea urolithin A e tla tsoela pele ho atoloha, e fane ka likhetho tse ling bakeng sa bophelo bo botle le botle ba batho.
Tlhokomeliso: Sengoloa sena ke sa tlhahisoleseding e akaretsang feela mme ha sea lokela ho nkuwa e le keletso efe kapa efe ya bongaka. Tse ding tsa tlhahisoleseding ya poso ya blog di tswa Inthaneteng mme ha se tsa botsebi. Webosaete ena e ikarabella feela bakeng sa ho hlophisa, ho hlophisa le ho hlophisa dihlooho. Morero wa ho fetisa tlhahisoleseding e eketsehileng ha o bolele hore o dumellana le maikutlo a yona kapa o tiisa bonnete ba dikahare tsa yona. Kamehla buisana le setsebi sa tlhokomelo ya bophelo pele o sebedisa ditlatsetso dife kapa dife kapa o etsa diphetoho tsamaisong ya hao ya tlhokomelo ya bophelo.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-12-2024
